Jean Piaget
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With reference to Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, consider the following statements:
- 1. During the 'Pre-operational Stage' (approximately 2 to 7 years), children fully develop the capacity for 'conservation', enabling them to understand that changing the shape or form of an object leaves its quantity or mass unchanged.
- 2. In the 'Concrete Operational Stage' (approximately 7 to 11 years), the child learns 'seriation'—the ability to arrange objects in ascending or descending order based on their properties—along with 'classification'.
- 3. A key feature of the 'Formal Operational Stage' (11 years and above) is the development of 'hypothetico-deductive reasoning', in which adolescents become capable of abstract thinking and imagining scientific problem-solving.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because the understanding of 'conservation' develops during the 'Concrete Operational Stage', not the pre-operational stage. Pre-operational children exhibit irreversibility and centration, making them unable to comprehend that quantity remains constant despite changes in shape. Statement 2 is correct; during the concrete operational stage, children thoroughly learn classification and seriation of objects. Statement 3 is correct; the formal operational stage is characterized by abstract thought and hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
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