Jean Piaget
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With reference to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, consider the following characteristics of the 'Formal Operational Stage':
- 1. In this stage, the thinking of children is not limited only to concrete or directly present objects, but becomes abstract.
- 2. The ability of 'hypothetico-deductive reasoning' develops within adolescents, enabling them to logically test various potential alternatives or hypotheses to solve a problem.
- 3. This stage runs from birth up to about 2 years of age, in which the child understands the world through senses and motor actions.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
In Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the 'Formal Operational Stage' runs from approximately 11 years of age to adulthood. The main characteristics of this stage are the development of abstract thinking and hypothetico-deductive reasoning. Therefore, statements 1 and 2 are completely correct. Meanwhile, the characteristic given in statement 3 is related to the age from birth to 2 years, which is called the 'Sensorimotor Stage', not the formal operational stage. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
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