Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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Which of the following represents the most significant theoretical difference between Thorndike's Trial and Error theory and Skinner's Operant Conditioning theory?
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Detailed Explanation
In Thorndike's Trial and Error theory, the Stimulus comes first followed by the Response (S-R Theory), where the cat makes random attempts to obtain food (stimulus) kept outside the cage.
In contrast, in B.F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning theory, the organism emits a Response voluntarily, which is then followed by a stimulus or reinforcement (R-S Theory).
Key Differences:
- Thorndike (S-R): Environment provides the stimulus; learner makes passive/random responses.
- Skinner (R-S): Learner acts (operant) voluntarily; consequences determine future behavior.
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