Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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Which of the following is the most subtle and important theoretical distinction between Thorndike's Trial and Error Theory and Skinner's Operant Conditioning?
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Detailed Explanation
In Thorndike's Trial and Error theory, a specific stimulus is given to the organism in response to which it makes a response (S-R theory), and the opening of the box door by the cat upon success is mechanically linked. In contrast, in B.F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning, the organism performs spontaneous actions in the environment and its behavior is shaped based on consequences (rewards/punishments), which is called the R-S paradigm. For more detailed information, you can check the Wikipedia reference.
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