Intelligence Tests (IQ)
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Regarding the nature of intelligence and its measurement, when conducting an in-depth analysis of the historical and mathematical development of the concept of 'Mental Age' developed by Alfred Binet and the 'Intelligence Quotient (IQ)' formulated by William Stern and Lewis Terman, which of the following statements is most authentic?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding the History of Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
According to the history of intelligence testing, the German psychologist William Stern suggested intelligence quotient in 1912 as the ratio of Mental Age (MA) to Chronological Age (CA).
- William Stern (1912): Proposed the initial ratio concept (MA / CA).
- Lewis Terman (1916): Multiplied the ratio by 100 to eliminate decimals and avoid fractions, establishing the modern formula:
IQ = (MA / CA) × 100for the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale.
Therefore, statement A is historically and mathematically the most accurate.
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