Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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Upon a rigorous analysis of the historical and theoretical development of learning theories, which of the following statements most authentically explains the essential differences in Stimulus-Response (S-R) relationships and the role of reinforcement with respect to Edward Thorndike's 'Connectionism', Ivan Pavlov's 'Classical Conditioning', and B.F. Skinner's 'Operant Conditioning'?
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Detailed Explanation
In Ivan Pavlov's Classical Conditioning, the conditioned stimulus elicits a response where the response is involuntary and reflexive. Conversely, as per learning frameworks, in Operant Conditioning proposed by B.F. Skinner, the organism actively emits behaviors of its own accord, and the reinforcement received as a consequence of that behavior controls its frequency. Thorndike's connectionism is fundamentally based on 'Trial and Error' and the Law of Effect.
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