Intelligence: Concept & Theories
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Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the real psychological implications of the 'g-factor' (general factor) and 's-factor' (specific factor) propounded under Charles Spearman's 'Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence', and their scientific management in classroom teaching concerning students' innate intellectual capacity, acquisition of specific skills, and academic performance?
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Detailed Explanation
Charles Spearman proposed the Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence in 1904. According to him, every intellectual task depends on two factors: (1) General factor (g-factor) and (2) Specific factor (s-factor). The 'g-factor' is considered an innate, universal, and stable mental energy present in varying degrees in all mental tasks. Conversely, the 's-factor' relates to specific abilities acquired by an individual based on environment, training, practice, and experience (such as the ability to become a musician, painter, or engineer). Therefore, option (A) most accurately defines the scientific and psychological perspective of this theory.
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