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Albert Bandura
Asked 3 months ago · Viewed 2,472 times
हिन्दी English

According to Albert Bandura's Social Learning (or Social-Cognitive) Theory, regarding the four interrelated components of 'Observational Learning'—(1) Attention, (2) Retention, (3) Reproduction, and (4) Motivation/Reinforcement—along with the psychological implications of 'Reciprocal Determinism' and the scientific management of student Modeling, Self-Efficacy, and Vicarious Reinforcement in classroom instruction, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid?

Detailed Explanation

Detailed Explanation

Albert Bandura's Social-Cognitive Theory emphasizes that individuals learn by observing their social environment. A core concept within this framework is Reciprocal Determinism, which posits that personal factors (cognitive, affective, and biological), behavior, and environmental events operate as interacting determinants that influence one another continuously.

  • Option (b) accurately captures this dynamic, tri-directional relationship where students act as both agents and products of their environment.
  • Option (a) is incorrect because cognitive mediation is central to Bandura's theory.
  • Option (c) is incorrect because retention heavily involves symbolic coding and mental representations.
  • Option (d) is incorrect because self-efficacy is fundamentally tied to intrinsic motivation and perseverance.

Therefore, option (b) is the most scientifically valid statement.

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