Piaget Vygotsky Theories of learning NEP 2020 Inclusive education CCE

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Child Development & Pedagogy (CDP) — Questions, Explanations & Mock Tests

CTET, UPTET और BPSC TRE जैसी शिक्षक भर्ती परीक्षाओं के लिए विकास के सिद्धांत, अधिगम, बुद्धि-व्यक्तित्व, समावेशी शिक्षा, शिक्षण विधियाँ और मूल्यांकन के मुफ़्त MCQ, हर उत्तर की विस्तृत व्याख्या के साथ।

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According to Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, 'Interpersonal Intelligence' involves the high capacity to accurately understand others' feelings, emotions, motivations, temperaments, intentions, and subtle behavioral cues, communicate effectively, and…

Gardner: Multiple Intelligences Gardner

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Under Edward Thorndike's Connectionism or Trial and Error Theory, the 'Law of Readiness' posits a direct relationship between a learner's neural pathway preparation and internal mental readiness with satisfaction or…

Thorndike: Trial and Error Thorndike

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Under John Bowlby's Attachment Theory, the concept of 'Secure Attachment'—whereby an infant uses the primary caregiver as a secure base, experiences mild distress in their absence, but greets their return…

Emotional Development

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Under John Flavell's theory of metacognition, the concepts of 'metacognitive knowledge' and 'metacognitive regulation'—whereby learners possess knowledge about their own cognitive processes (such as thinking, understanding, remembering) and learn to…

Learning Styles & Strategies Measurement and Evaluation

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According to Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, the concept of 'Conservation'—whereby a child becomes mentally capable of understanding that changing the physical appearance, shape, or configuration of an object…

Jean Piaget Piaget

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Under David Ausubel's 'Meaningful Verbal Learning Theory' or 'Receptive Learning', the concept of the 'Advance Organizer'—where a high-level, inclusive, and abstract conceptual framework or introduction is presented before teaching a…

Jean Piaget Inclusive Education

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Under David Ausubel's theory of Meaningful Verbal Learning (Assimilation Theory), the concept of the 'Advance Organizer'—wherein a high-level, inclusive, and generalized conceptual framework or introduction is presented prior to the…

Memory & Forgetting Inclusive Education Memory and Forgetting

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Under Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory, the concept of 'Projection' is a defense mechanism where an individual unconsciously attributes their own unacceptable desires, impulses, or frustrations onto others or the external…

Adjustment & Defence Mechanisms Freud

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Under Edward C. Tolman's 'Sign-Gestalt Learning Theory' or 'Purposive Behaviorism', the concept of 'Latent Learning' suggests that an organism or student internally acquires spatial layouts, routes, and stimulus relationships within…

Operant Conditioning (Skinner)

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Under the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive abilities, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the concept of 'Fluid Intelligence' (Gf)—which includes an individual's…

Intelligence: Concept & Theories

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According to Robert Gagne's 'Hierarchy of Learning' (Conditions of Learning), the highest level proposed is 'Problem Solving Learning', wherein the learner utilizes previously learned rules, principles, and skills to invent…

Cognitive Development

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According to B.F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, the concept of 'Negative Reinforcement' involves increasing the frequency or probability of a specific desired behavior by removing or preventing an aversive, painful,…

Operant Conditioning (Skinner) Skinner Heredity and Environment

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Under Abraham Maslow's 'Hierarchy of Needs Theory', the concept of 'Self-Actualization'—whereby an individual strives to fully realize their highest capabilities, creative potentials, personal growth, and internal integration, representing the pinnacle…

Maslow, Rogers & Humanism Maslow Heredity and Environment

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According to Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, the concept of the 'Mesosystem' studies the interrelationships and interactions among various microsystems (such as family, school, peer group, and neighborhood) that affect…

Other Theorists (Gesell, Bronfenbrenner, Bowlby…) Heredity and Environment

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Under John Bowlby's Attachment Theory, the concept of 'Insecure-Resistant or Ambivalent Attachment'—whereby an infant displays excessively clingy behavior in the presence of the parent (caregiver), is unable to explore, and…

Emotional Development Heredity and Environment

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Moving slightly beyond the concept of 'Scaffolding' (supported by Norman Mantelet and Jerome Bruner and holding central importance in cognitive psychology), which of the following psychological statements is most authentic…

Cognitive Development Bruner

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According to Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, the concept of 'Decentration' involves moving beyond the egocentrism of the preoperational stage, enabling a child to focus on multiple aspects, dimensions,…

Jean Piaget Piaget

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Under David Ausubel's 'Meaningful Verbal Learning Theory', the concept of the 'Advance Organizer'—where high-level, inclusive, and introductory material is presented before teaching new and complex subjects to connect new concepts…

Cognitive Development Inclusive Education

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Under the 'Level I and Level II Intelligence Model' proposed by Francis Galton and later Arthur Jensen—where Level I refers to associative learning involving short-term memory, rote learning, and sequential…

Memory & Forgetting Memory and Forgetting

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Under Jerome Bruner's Discovery Learning Theory, the concept of the 'Symbolic Stage'—whereby the child develops the capacity to represent and internalize knowledge through more abstract, language-based, coded, and symbolic systems…

Jerome Bruner Bruner

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