Teaching of Environmental Studies (EVS)
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With reference to Environmental Studies (EVS) teaching and Biogeochemical Cycles, consider the following statements regarding the 'Nitrogen Cycle' and its various biological processes:
- 1. Atmospheric nitrogen (N2) cannot be directly absorbed by plants; therefore, under the process of 'Nitrogen Fixation', specific microorganisms such as Rhizobium, Azotobacter, and blue-green algae convert it into ammonia or nitrate compounds.
- 2. 'Nitrification' is the process in which ammonia present in the soil is first converted into nitrite by Nitrosomonas bacteria and then into nitrate by Nitrobacter bacteria, which is easily absorbed by plants.
- 3. During the 'Denitrification' process, denitrifying bacteria such as Pseudomonas convert the nitrates present in the soil back into gaseous nitrogen (N2) and release it into the atmosphere, thereby maintaining the global balance of nitrogen.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Detailed Explanation
All three given statements are completely true regarding the scientific processes of the 'Nitrogen Cycle' under Environmental Studies (EVS):
- Statement 1 is correct: Plants cannot directly utilize free atmospheric nitrogen (N2). Therefore, Rhizobium, Azotobacter, and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) convert it into usable compounds through biological fixation.
- Statement 2 is correct: During nitrification, ammonia (NH3) is oxidized first into nitrite (NO2-) by Nitrosomonas and then into nitrate (NO3-) by Nitrobacter, allowing plants to absorb it.
- Statement 3 is correct: In the denitrification process, bacteria like Pseudomonas convert soil nitrates back into nitrogen gas and release them into the atmosphere, completing the cycle.
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
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