National Education Policy 2020
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With reference to the human body systems and their functions, consider the following statements:
- 1. In the human digestive system, the liver is the largest gland of the body, which secretes bile. Bile does not contain any digestive enzymes, but it helps in the emulsification of fats and makes the intestinal medium alkaline.
- 2. In the human circulatory system, a 'double circulation' system of blood circulation is found, under which decontaminated blood passes from the right atrium to the right ventricle and from there it is sent to the lungs for purification through the pulmonary artery.
- 3. In the human respiratory system, the exchange of gases takes place mainly by the process of diffusion in the walls of the smallest units of the lungs, i.e., 'alveoli', where oxygen combines with hemoglobin of blood to form oxyhemoglobin.
- 4. The structural and functional unit of the human nervous system is the 'nephron', which conducts and controls electrochemical impulses throughout the body via the brain and spinal cord.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statements 1, 2, and 3 are completely true regarding the human body systems.
Statement 4 is false because the structural and functional unit of the human nervous system is the 'Neuron', whereas the 'Nephron' is the functional unit of the human excretory system, specifically the kidney.
Key Learnings:
- Liver & Bile: Emulsifies fats and creates an alkaline medium without digestive enzymes.
- Double Circulation: Deoxygenated blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle, then through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.
- Respiratory Exchange: Alveoli facilitate gas exchange via diffusion where oxygen binds to hemoglobin.
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