Principles of Development
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Under the Post-Conventional Level of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, what is the most subtle and critical philosophical difference between Stage 5 (Social Contract and Individual Rights) and Stage 6 (Universal Ethical Principles)?
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Detailed Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
Philosophical Distinction: Stage 5 vs. Stage 6
- Stage 5 (Social Contract & Individual Rights): Laws are seen as flexible social instruments designed to serve human welfare. If a law violates fundamental human rights, it should be changed through democratic consensus.
- Stage 6 (Universal Ethical Principles): Morality transcends social consensus and statutory law. Moral decisions are governed by internal conscience based on universal ethical values such as justice, human dignity, and equality. If civil laws violate universal justice, ethical conscience prevails.
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