Gestalt & Insight Learning
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With reference to the insight learning experiments conducted on the chimpanzee 'Sultan' by the Gestalt psychologist Wolfgang Köhler, which of the following statements most accurately explains the fundamental philosophical and cognitive characteristic of this theory?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding Gestalt Psychology and Insight Learning
Gestalt psychology emphasizes 'wholeness' or 'completeness'. According to Köhler's experiments with Sultan, insight-based learning does not occur through blind trial and error, but rather through a sudden and immediate cognitive restructuring of the problem space.
- Aha! Experience: The solution appears instantly when the learner perceives the relationships among all elements of the situation.
- Field Reorganization: Cognitive restructuring of the perceptual field allows the organism to use tools creatively to reach goals.
Therefore, Option B is the correct statement explaining the cognitive core of Insight Learning.
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