Based on a deep analysis of the philosophical and psychological foundations of progressive education and child-centered education, in the context of the principles of 'Learning by Doing' and 'Experiential Learning' propounded by John Dewey, which of the following statements most authentically explains the true democratic and scientific nature of this educational system?

Explanation

The core philosophy of progressive and child-centered education is that education is not merely a preparation for life, but life itself. American philosopher and educator John Dewey propounded that schools should function as a 'miniature society' where children internalize democratic values and problem-solving skills through real experiences, social exploration, and 'Learning by Doing'.

• Option A is incorrect because progressive education opposes rigid and teacher-centered instruction.
• Option B is correct as it accurately reflects Dewey's vision of schools as a miniature society fostering active knowledge construction.
• Option C is incorrect because progressive education strictly opposes rote learning.
• Option D is incorrect because child-centered education strongly values individual differences.