Thorndike: Trial and Error
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Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the actual psychological implications of Edward Thorndike's 'Law of Effect'—a central concept under his 'Connectionism Theory of Learning' which states that the bond between a stimulus and response is strengthened when followed by a satisfying, pleasant, or positive outcome, and weakened if the result is unsatisfactory—in relation to students' motivation levels, satisfying reinforcement, and scientific management of permanent knowledge acquisition in classroom teaching?
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Detailed Explanation
Explanation of Thorndike's Law of Effect
Edward Thorndike's Law of Effect is a core pillar of his Connectionism and Trial and Error theory. According to its psychological implications:
- When a satisfying consequence (reward or satisfaction) immediately follows a response, the S-R (Stimulus-Response) bond in the nervous system is strengthened.
- Positive outcomes increase self-satisfaction and ensure that learning becomes permanent in long-term memory.
- Option (b) accurately defines the scientific and classroom-oriented impact of this learning principle.
Other options incorrectly limit the theory to mechanical drills, excessive punishment, or rigid genetic determinism.
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