Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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Under B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, a central concept is 'Shaping', which is defined as the complex psychological method of successive approximations where, to establish a complex, novel, or initially distant desired terminal behavior, small successive behavioral approximations moving toward the ultimate goal are continuously reinforced. Regarding its actual psychological implications and scientific management of complex skill acquisition, step-by-step behavior modification, and learning curves in classroom teaching, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding Shaping in Operant Conditioning
Under child psychology and learning theories, B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory highlights 'Shaping' as a central technique, also known as 'Successive Approximations'.
- Mechanism: When a learner acquires a complex skill, they cannot exhibit flawless behavior instantly.
- Application: Teachers identify small initial steps toward the terminal goal and provide positive reinforcement at each correct incremental stage.
- Conclusion: Option (b) accurately reflects this scientific psychological definition, while others misrepresent the concept.
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