Motivation
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Based on a deep analysis of Abraham Maslow's 'Hierarchy of Needs Theory' and the intrinsic-extrinsic motivation interrelationship, which of the following statements most accurately explains the true psychological nature of 'Deficiency Needs' (D-needs) and 'Growth Needs' (B-needs) in Maslow's hierarchy?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
According to Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory, the lower-level needs—such as physiological, safety, and social/belongingness needs—are termed Deficiency Needs (D-needs) because the lack of these triggers tension and motivation to rectify the deficit.
In contrast, Self-Actualization located at the peak of the hierarchy is a Growth Need (B-need). It is not driven by a lack of something, but rather by the intrinsic motivation to develop one's potential and achieve personal growth.
- Deficiency Needs (D-needs): Focus on deprivation and basic survival (Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem).
- Growth Needs (B-needs): Focus on self-fulfillment and personal growth (Self-Actualization).
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