Jean Piaget
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With reference to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, match the following stages with their key characteristics:
- 1. Sensorimotor Stage - In this stage, the child understands the world through their senses and motor activities, and the attribute of 'object permanence' develops.
- 2. Pre-operational Stage - In this phase, the child begins to use symbolic thought, but lacks the ability of 'decentration' and 'conservation', also referred to as 'egocentrism'.
- 3. Concrete Operational Stage - In this stage, the child becomes capable of logical thinking, acquiring the attributes of conservation, classification, and reversibility, though abstract thinking remains difficult.
- 4. Formal Operational Stage - In this phase, adolescents are capable of developing abstract reasoning, hypothetico-deductive reasoning, and scientific thinking.
Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?
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Detailed Explanation
All four stages of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development and their characteristics are correctly matched:
- Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) features object permanence.
- Pre-operational stage (2 to 7 years) features egocentrism, lack of conservation, and symbolic thought.
- Concrete operational stage (7 to 11 years) develops classification, conservation, and reversibility.
- Formal operational stage (after 11 years) brings abstract thinking and hypothetico-deductive reasoning capabilities.
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