Jean Piaget
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Consider the following statements regarding Jean Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory:
- 1. According to Piaget, children are active knowledge constructors and 'little scientists' who construct their own theories about the world, and their thinking process differs qualitatively, not just quantitatively, compared to adults.
- 2. During the 'Pre-operational Stage' (2 to 7 years), children exhibit the tendency of 'Animism', under which they consider inanimate objects to be living and conscious, such as treating a doll when it falls sick.
- 3. In the 'Concrete Operational Stage' (7 to 11 years), children develop the capacity for 'Decentration' and 'Conservation', enabling them to understand multiple aspects of an object simultaneously rather than focusing on a single aspect.
- 4. In the 'Formal Operational Stage' (11 years and above), adolescents lack 'Hypothetico-deductive reasoning' and can only solve problems that are directly present.
Which of the above statements are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statements 1, 2, and 3 are completely correct. According to Piaget, children are active knowledge builders, 'Animism' is found in the pre-operational stage, and the qualities of 'decentration' and 'conservation' develop in the concrete operational stage. Statement 4 is incorrect because the development of 'hypothetico-deductive reasoning' is a core feature of the formal operational stage, not something that is lacking.
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