Intelligence: Concept & Theories
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In the context of the 'Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence' proposed by British psychologist Charles Spearman, besides the 'General Intelligence' (G-Factor) and 'Specific Intelligence' (S-Factor) in intellectual activities, what third and specific component found in some mental operations did Spearman name in the latter part of his research, which acts as an intermediary between the 'G' and 'S' factors?
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Detailed Explanation
Charles Spearman proposed the Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence in 1904, according to which all intellectual tasks involve a General Factor (G-Factor) and one or more Specific Factors (S-Factor). However, in response to further developments and criticisms of his theory, Spearman emphasized the concept of 'Mental Energy'. He considered that the 'G-Factor' actually represents the total available 'mental energy' of the brain, which is distributed across various specific mental operations. Option 'b' is the correct answer in this advanced psychological context, while the group factor and primary mental abilities are related to Thurstone.
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