Intelligence: Concept & Theories
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In the context of the 'Group Factor Theory of Intelligence', how many independent factors or mental abilities are described in the theory of 'Primary Mental Abilities' propounded by American psychologist Louis Leon Thurstone, which Thurstone identified through 'Factor Analysis'?
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Detailed Explanation
The 'Theories of Intelligence' is an extremely important topic in Child Development and Pedagogy. Louis L. Thurstone propounded the 'Group Factor Theory' or 'Primary Mental Abilities Theory'. Refuting Spearman's two-factor theory, Thurstone stated that intelligence is not formed by a single general factor or many small factors, but by a group of primary mental abilities. Using the Factor Analysis technique, he initially identified 7 such independent mental abilities: 1. Verbal Comprehension (V), 2. Spatial Visualization (S), 3. Numerical Ability (N), 4. Word Fluency (W), 5. Memory (M), 6. Reasoning (R), and 7. Perceptual Speed (P). Therefore, according to this theory, the total number of primary mental abilities is 7.
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