Thorndike: Trial and Error
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Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the logical application of Edward Thorndike's primary laws of learning—the Law of Readiness, Law of Exercise, and Law of Effect—propounded under his Connectionism or Trial and Error Theory, along with their secondary laws and the actual psychological implications of the 'Law of Satisfaction and Discomfort' in classroom teaching?
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Detailed Explanation
Detailed Explanation
Edward Thorndike's Theory of Connectionism (Trial and Error Theory) is paramount in Child Development and Pedagogy. Thorndike associated the Law of Readiness with mental and physical preparation.
- Option B is correct: According to Thorndike, when a neural impulse is ready to conduct and is allowed to do so, it results in satisfaction for the learner, making learning effective.
- Option A is incorrect: The Law of Effect heavily emphasizes satisfaction and discomfort (rewards and punishment), not just practice.
- Option C is incorrect: The Law of Disuse states that bonds weaken when not practiced, leading to forgetting.
- Option D is incorrect: The Law of Associative Shifting deals with shifting a response to a new stimulus and is not synonymous with Skinner's shaping.
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