Maslow, Rogers & Humanism
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According to Abraham Maslow's 'Humanistic Theory of Motivation' and his 'Hierarchy of Needs', which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the apex stage of 'Self-Actualization' and the immediately preceding 'Esteem Needs', and their implications for intrinsic motivation, realization of full potential, and psychological safety in classroom teaching?
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Detailed Explanation
Detailed Explanation
According to Abraham Maslow's 'Hierarchy of Needs', human motivation is arranged in a hierarchical structure where lower-level needs (such as physiological and safety needs) must be met before an individual can progress toward higher-level needs (such as self-esteem and self-actualization).
- Lower-level Needs: Include basic survival, safety, and social belonging.
- Higher-level Needs: Include intellectual curiosity, esteem, and self-actualization.
- Classroom Implication: If a student feels unsafe, hungry, or unaccepted, their cognitive energy is diverted from learning. Therefore, basic needs must be satisfied to foster intrinsic motivation and creativity.
Thus, option (c) is the most authentic and pedagogically sound statement.
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