Jerome Bruner
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According to Jerome Bruner's Theory of Cognitive Development, which encompasses three modes of representation—(1) Enactive Representation, (2) Iconic Representation, and (3) Symbolic Representation—along with the psychological implications of Discovery Learning, the construction of abstract concepts from prior experiences in classroom teaching, the implementation of the Spiral Curriculum, and the scientific management of independent intellectual capacities, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid?
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Detailed Explanation
Detailed Explanation
According to Jerome Bruner's theory of cognitive development and instruction, knowledge is represented in three sequential modes:
- Enactive Representation: Learning through action and physical manipulation.
- Iconic Representation: Learning through images, graphics, and visual summaries.
- Symbolic Representation: Learning through language, mathematical symbols, and abstract logic.
Bruner's Spiral Curriculum emphasizes that any complex subject can be taught to learners at any developmental stage by revisiting foundational ideas repeatedly, translating them from enactive to iconic, and finally to powerful symbolic forms, deepening understanding over time. Discovery Learning encourages students to derive principles by themselves.
Therefore, Option (b) accurately captures Bruner's famous hypothesis regarding the spiral curriculum and intellectual readiness.
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