Piaget Vygotsky Theories of learning NEP 2020 Inclusive education CCE

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Child Development & Pedagogy (CDP) — Questions, Explanations & Mock Tests

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Under B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, the concept of 'Positive Reinforcement'—where presenting a favorable or pleasant stimulus (such as praise, encouragement, or reward) immediately after a specific desired behavior…

Operant Conditioning (Skinner) Skinner Classroom Management

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Under Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, the concept of the 'Mesosystem' involves an interconnected network of relationships and interactions among a child's various microsystems (such as family, school, peer group,…

Other Theorists (Gesell, Bronfenbrenner, Bowlby…) Heredity and Environment

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Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the real psychological implications of Urie Bronfenbrenner's 'Microsystem' concept under 'Ecological Systems Theory'—whereby a child interacts directly…

Other Theorists (Gesell, Bronfenbrenner, Bowlby…) Heredity and Environment

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Under Howard Gardner's 'Theory of Multiple Intelligences', the concept of 'Naturalistic Intelligence'—where individuals possess a high capacity to keenly recognize, classify, study, and successfully harmonize with the natural world (flora,…

Gardner: Multiple Intelligences Gardner Teaching Methods

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According to Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, during the 'Concrete Operational Stage', children develop the cognitive ability known as 'Conservation', understanding that altering an object's appearance, shape, or arrangement…

Jean Piaget Piaget

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According to Robert Gagne's Conditions of Learning, problem-solving learning is the highest level in his hierarchy of learning, where students use previously learned rules, principles, and skills to find logical,…

Cognitive Development Memory and Forgetting

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Under Robert Gagne's 'Conditions of Learning' (Hierarchy of Learning), the highest level of learning—'Problem-Solving Learning'—is the concept where students successfully solve a novel, complex, and unexpected problem using higher-order cognitive…

Cognitive Development

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Under Edward Thorndike's Connectionism Theory, the 'Law of Readiness' posits that physical and mental preparation of the nervous system is essential for learning. When an individual is ready to act…

Thorndike: Trial and Error Thorndike

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Under Jerome Bruner's Cognitive Development and Discovery Learning Theory, the concept of the 'Spiral Curriculum' posits that any subject or complex concept can be taught at any age in some…

Jerome Bruner Bruner

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Under Carl Rogers' 'Humanistic Approach' and 'Experiential Learning Theory', the concept of 'Significant/Experiential Learning'—where learning is not merely the accumulation of intellectual facts, but a process that engages the whole…

Maslow, Rogers & Humanism Personality Measurement and Evaluation Heredity and Environment

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Under Carl Rogers' Humanistic Theory of Learning, the concept of the 'Facilitator of Learning'—where the primary role of the teacher is not merely the traditional transmission of knowledge, but creating…

Maslow, Rogers & Humanism Heredity and Environment Motivation

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Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the real psychological implications of David Ausubel's 'Advance Organizer' concept under 'Meaningful Verbal Learning Theory'—whereby a high-level,…

Constructivism & Other Learning Theories

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According to B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, the concept of 'Shaping' or the 'Method of Successive Approximations' involves breaking down a complex, novel, or undesired behavior into small, progressive…

Operant Conditioning (Skinner) Skinner

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According to B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, the concept of 'Shaping'—whereby instead of achieving a complex or new desired behavior all at once, successive approximations moving toward the goal…

Operant Conditioning (Skinner) Skinner

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According to Abraham Maslow's Humanistic Theory of Motivation, also known as the Hierarchy of Needs Theory, the highest level of need is 'Self-Actualization', where an individual is motivated to fully…

Maslow, Rogers & Humanism Maslow Motivation Heredity and Environment

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According to Robert J. Havighurst's Developmental Tasks Theory, the concept of the 'Developmental Tasks of Adolescence' includes accepting physical changes, establishing new and mature relations with age-mates, achieving a masculine…

Stages of Development Adolescence

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Under Jerome Bruner's Cognitive Theory of Instruction, the concept of 'Discovery Learning'—where learners are encouraged to explore facts, formulate hypotheses, and construct knowledge themselves through their environment, data, and activities…

Jerome Bruner Bruner Motivation

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According to Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, the sixth and final stage within the Post-Conventional Morality Level—known as the Universal Ethical Principle Orientation—involves individuals following social rules or laws…

Moral & Character Development Kohlberg

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Under Edward Tolman's Sign Learning Theory (or Sign-Gestalt Learning), the concept of the 'Cognitive Map'—whereby the learner does not merely acquire mechanical habits or responses based on environment and experiences,…

Gestalt & Insight Learning

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Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the 'Executing/Planning Phase', one of the key steps under the Project Method propounded by John Dewey and…

Teaching Methods

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