त्वरित लिंक्स
English Language
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In advanced English morphosyntax, prepositional selection and phrasal verb valency require strict adherence to idiomatic and structural constraints. Consider the following four advanced propositions regarding prepositions and phrasal verbs: I. Certain transitive phrasal verbs are inherently inseparable, meaning that the nominal direct object must always follow the particle, whereas other transitive phrasal verbs are separable, requiring or permitting a pronoun object to be inserted strictly between the lexical verb and its particle (e.g., 'She looked up the word' versus 'She looked the word up', but 'She looked it up', never *'She looked up it'*). II. The preposition 'different' is standardly followed by the preposition 'than' in all formal British and American English registers when modifying a nominal complement, completely disallowing the traditional preposition 'from' due to historical prescriptive norms. III. In complex argument structures involving prepositional verbs, the preposition is structurally tied to the verb's valency and cannot be omitted or arbitrarily substituted without altering or ungrammaticalizing the clause (e.g., 'The committee deliberated on the proposal' versus *'The committee deliberated the proposal'* in specific intransitive/prepositional subcategorizations). IV. When forming passive transformations of sentences containing prepositional verbs or fixed phrasal verbs, the particle must be detached from the verb and placed at the absolute end of the sentence, permanently separating it from the verb phrase to satisfy strict syntactic movement rules. Identify the option that correctly evaluates the grammatical, syntactic, and semantic validity of propositions I, II, III, and IV according to standard English grammar and Phrasal verb principles.
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Let us evaluate each proposition based on standard English grammar and Phrasal verb principles:
* **Proposition I is VALID**: Separable phrasal verbs allow noun objects either after the particle or between the verb and particle, but personal pronoun objects must be placed between the verb and particle (e.g., 'looked it up'). Inseparable phrasal verbs never permit the object to split the verb and particle.
* **Proposition II is INVALID**: In standard English, 'different' is traditionally and most widely followed by 'from' (especially in British English, though 'different than' is sometimes used in American English before clauses). However, the absolute claim that 'than' is universally required and 'from' is disallowed is false.
* **Proposition III is VALID**: Prepositional verbs require specific, subcategorized prepositions that are integral to their syntactic valency and argument structure (e.g., 'deliberate on', 'object to'). Omitting or changing them renders the sentence ungrammatical or semantically altered.
* **Proposition IV is INVALID**: While particles often remain with the verb in passive constructions or can precede the agent phrase, they do not universally have to be pushed to the absolute end of the sentence; placement depends on stylistic weight, heaviness of constituents, and prepositional stranding rules.
Therefore, only I and III are valid.
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