Read the following complex, multi-clause sentence in which certain segments have been underlined or presented for syntactic improvement and reordering: 'Having thoroughly evaluated the socioeconomic ramifications of the proposed tax reforms, the parliamentary committee recommended that immediate legislative measures ought to be enacted to curb inflationary pressures before the fiscal quarter concludes.' Which of the following alternatives best improves or maintains the underlined segment for maximum syntactic precision, conciseness, and stylistic appropriateness in formal academic English?

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The correct option is (b). In advanced English syntax, verbs of demand, recommendation, or suggestion (such as *recommend*, *propose*, *suggest*, *insist*, or *demand*) are typically followed by a *that*-clause containing the mandative subjunctive mood. The mandative subjunctive utilizes the base form of the verb (bare infinitive) without any modal auxiliaries like *ought to* or *should*, which results in redundancy when paired with directive verbs. Therefore, 'recommended that immediate legislative measures be enacted' is syntactically pristine, avoiding the pleonasm found in option (a). For a deeper understanding of clause structures and syntactic hierarchy, refer to the Wikipedia Reference on English clause syntax.

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