Educational Philosophy & Thinkers
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With reference to the history of the Indian National Movement and social reform, consider the following statements:
- 1. The main objective of the 'Brahmo Samaj' established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in the year 1828 was to oppose idol worship, propagate monotheism, and eradicate social evils prevalent in Hindu society such as the Sati system (which was declared illegal by law by William Bentinck in 1829).
- 2. In the year 1867, the 'Prarthana Samaj' was established in Bombay by Atmaram Pandurang with the inspiration of Keshav Chandra Sen, whose main objective was to promote inter-caste marriage, support widow remarriage, and improve women's education and social status.
- 3. The 'Arya Samaj' established by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in the year 1875 gave the slogan 'Back to the Vedas', and while raising the banner against hypocrisy, he strongly refuted idol worship, polytheism, avatarhood, and the birth-based caste system.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
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Detailed Explanation
All three given statements are completely true. 1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 to end social and religious evils (such as the Sati system); William Bentinck abolished it under Regulation XVII of 1829. 2. Prarthana Samaj was established in Bombay in 1867 by Atmaram Pandurang with the cooperation of Keshav Chandra Sen, focusing on social reforms and religious purity. 3. Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded Arya Samaj in Bombay in 1875 and gave the slogan 'Back to the Vedas' while strongly opposing idol worship, rituals, and casteism.
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