Educational Philosophy & Thinkers
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With reference to the ancient Indian education system and the study of the Vedic period, consider the following statements:
- 1. In the Vedic education system, prior to receiving formal education, a child underwent the 'Upanayana' ritual, also known as the 'Nayana Samskara', after which the child acquired the title of 'Dvija' (twice-born) and went to live with the Guru to receive education.
- 2. In the Rigvedic period, women also had full rights to study under higher education, whereby scholarly women (Brahmavadinis) like Gargi, Maitreyi, and Apala achieved high levels of philosophical knowledge and mastery over scriptures.
- 3. In the Vedic period, the academic session began with the 'Upakarma' ritual on the full moon day of the month of Shravana, while the session concluded with the 'Utsarjana' ceremony on the full moon day of the month of Pausha or Magha.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
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Detailed Explanation
All given statements are completely true:
- Statement 1 is true: Education in the Vedic period began with the Upanayana ritual. Upanayana means 'taking near the Guru'. After this ritual, the child was called 'Dvija'.
- Statement 2 is true: Women's status was high in the Rigvedic period. They had the right to education, and scholars like Gargi, Maitreyi, Apala, and Ghosha were called Brahmavadinis (lifelong students).
- Statement 3 is true: Teaching and learning in Vedic schools or Gurukuls took place for a fixed period. The academic session began with 'Upakarma' and concluded with 'Utsarjana'.
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