Gardner: Multiple Intelligences
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With reference to Child Development and Pedagogy, consider the following statements regarding Howard Gardner's 'Theory of Multiple Intelligences' and Robert Sternberg's 'Triarchic Theory of Intelligence':
- 1. According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, intelligence is not a single unified entity, but a set of independent types of intelligences, in which individuals displaying 'Musical Intelligence' are highly sensitive to pitch, rhythm, and sounds, while those with 'Naturalist Intelligence' possess the ability to recognize and differentiate the characteristics of microorganisms, flora, and the natural environment.
- 2. Under Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, 'Componential/Analytical Intelligence' is the ability through which an individual applies their prior experiences to solve new problems and engages in abstract thinking and logical analysis.
- 3. According to Sternberg's theory, 'Practical Intelligence' is often called 'practical knowledge' or 'street smarts', in which an individual adapts to their environment or circumstances (Adaptation), modifies the environment as needed (Shaping), or selects the environment where they can succeed (Selection).
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, intelligences are independent. In musical intelligence, individuals are sensitive to rhythm and pitch, and those with naturalist intelligence have better coordination with nature (flora, fauna). Statement 2 is incorrect: Under Sternberg's theory, 'Componential/Analytical Intelligence' involves information processing, reasoning, problem-solving, and metacognition; whereas 'applying prior experiences to solve new problems' is part of Sternberg's 'Experiential/Creative Intelligence'. Statement 3 is correct: The third component of Sternberg's triarchic theory, Practical/Contextual Intelligence, involves adaptation to the environment, shaping the environment, and selection of a new environment.
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