Child Nutrition & Health
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Consider the following statements regarding the teaching of Environmental Studies (EVS) and the ecosystem:
- 1. The flow of energy in an ecosystem is always 'unidirectional', and according to Lindeman's '10% Law', when energy is transferred from one trophic level to another, only 10 percent of it is stored as biomass by the organisms of the next level, while the remaining 90 percent of energy is lost during respiration, heat, and metabolic activities.
- 2. 'Biomagnification' and 'Bioaccumulation' both denote the same process, in which the concentration of pollutants or toxic substances (such as mercury or DDT) in any environment decreases at each lower level of the food chain.
- 3. The ozone layer of the atmosphere is found in the upper part of the Stratosphere, which prevents harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays coming from the sun from reaching the Earth, and the unit for measuring its thickness is the 'Dobson Unit'.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statement 1 is correct because the flow of energy in an ecosystem is always unidirectional, and according to Lindeman's 10% law, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another. Statement 2 is incorrect because 'Bioaccumulation' refers to the accumulation of toxic substances in the body of a single organism over time, whereas 'Biomagnification' is the process of increase (not decrease) in the concentration of these pollutants as one moves higher up the food chain. Statement 3 is completely correct because the ozone layer is found in the stratosphere, blocks harmful ultraviolet rays, and its thickness is measured in Dobson Units. Thus, only statements 1 and 3 are correct.
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