Jean Piaget
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In the context of the interrelationships between children's language development and cognitive development, consider the following statements regarding the concept of 'Private Speech' propounded by Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky:
- 1. According to Vygotsky, young children talking aloud to themselves to direct their actions is proof of their lack of social adaptability, and this is another name for Piaget's 'Egocentric Speech'.
- 2. This 'private speech' later transforms into inner speech, which plays an important role in developing higher mental functions, self-regulation, and problem-solving abilities in children.
- 3. Jean Piaget believed that this speech is completely meaningless and immature, making no positive contribution to the child's cognitive development, whereas Vygotsky believed conversely that language and thought originate independently and later merge together.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because Vygotsky explicitly refuted Piaget's notion that 'private speech' is merely 'egocentric'. According to Vygotsky, it is a tool for children's self-regulation and develops internally from social interaction. Statement 2 is correct; private speech gradually turns into inner speech which facilitates higher mental functions. Statement 3 is also correct; Piaget believed that children's early speech is egocentric and decreases as they cognitively mature, and that language and thought originate independently (whereas Vygotsky believed language and thought start separately and later merge). Hence, the correct option is C.
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