Educational Philosophy & Thinkers
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With reference to the ancient Indian education system and Vedic period education, consider the following statements:
- 1. In Vedic period education, the beginning of education took place through the 'Upsampada Sanskar', after which the student was called a 'Bhikshuk' and he renounced his household life to enter the Gurukul.
- 2. In the Buddhist education system, the beginning of study took place with the 'Pravrajya Ritual', which was completed at the age of about 8 years, and after this the student was called a 'Novice' (Samanera).
- 3. In the medieval (Muslim) education system, primary education began with 'Maktab' institutions, where children were imparted education after the Bismillah Khwani Ceremony, which generally took place at the age of 4 years, 4 months, and 4 days.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because in Vedic period education, the formal education began through 'Upayana' or 'Upnayan Sanskar', not 'Upsampada Sanskar'. Upsampada Sanskar is related to Buddhism which took place at the time of higher education or becoming a monk (at the age of about 20 years). In the Vedic period, a student entering the Gurukul was called a 'Brahmachari'.
Statement 2 is correct because in the Buddhist education system, the 'Pravrajya Ritual' was mandatory for admission to primary or elementary education, which took place at about 8 years of age. After this ritual, the student was called a 'Samanera'.
Statement 3 is correct because in the Muslim or medieval education system, the centers of primary education were 'Maktabs'. Before starting education, a special ritual called 'Bismillah Khwani' was organized, which was usually completed when the child attained the age of 4 years, 4 months, and 4 days. The centers of higher education were called 'Madarsas'.
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