Child Nutrition & Health
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Consider the following statements regarding the functions of hormones, vitamins, and various biomolecules in the human body and the diseases caused by their deficiency:
- 1. Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and it regulates blood glucose levels while stimulating the process of glycogenesis.
- 2. Vitamin D, also known as 'calciferol', is a fat-soluble vitamin that regulates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body, and its deficiency causes 'rickets' in children and 'osteomalacia' in adults.
- 3. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of the 'thyroxine' hormone, the deficiency of which causes goiter, while severe deficiency of this hormone in adulthood leads to a condition called 'myxedema'.
- 4. Hemoglobin in the blood is an iron-containing protein that transports oxygen, and the anemia caused by its deficiency is always due solely to Vitamin B12 deficiency, with iron or folic acid playing no role.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Statements 1, 2, and 3 given above are completely true, while statement 4 is false. Anemia and hemoglobin deficiency are not caused solely by Vitamin B12 deficiency; major causes also include iron deficiency and folic acid deficiency (such as iron-deficiency anemia).
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