Intelligence: Concept & Theories
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While conducting an in-depth analysis of the theories of intelligence, which of the following options most accurately clarifies the philosophical and structural differences between Howard Gardner's 'Theory of Multiple Intelligences' and Spearman's 'Two-Factor Theory'?
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Detailed Explanation
Concept of Intelligence Theories
Howard Gardner, in his Theory of Multiple Intelligences, propounded that intelligence is not a single unified or general ability, but rather a combination of several independent types of intelligences (such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, etc.).
In contrast, Charles Spearman, in his Two-Factor Theory, stated that intellectual activities involve a general mental energy or 'g-factor' and specific factors known as 's-factors'.
- Gardner's View: Focuses on autonomous modular abilities.
- Spearman's View: Focuses on hierarchical general and specific cognitive factors.
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