Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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Upon a deep comparative and philosophical analysis of Edward Thorndike's 'Law of Effect', Ivan Pavlov's 'Classical Conditioning', and B.F. Skinner's 'Operant Conditioning' within the psychology of learning, which of the following statements most accurately defines the philosophical and functional distinction among these three theories?
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Detailed Explanation
Detailed Comparison of Learning Theories
According to Thorndike's Law of Effect, satisfying consequences increase the likelihood of repeating a behavior, which later formed the basis of B.F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning, where reinforcement plays a crucial role.
In contrast, Ivan Pavlov's Classical Conditioning focuses on stimulus-stimulus (S-S) association and involuntary/reflexive responses (such as salivation).
- Thorndike & Skinner: Focus on consequences (Response-Stimulus or R-S).
- Pavlov: Focus on association between stimuli (Stimulus-Stimulus or S-S).
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