Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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Under B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, a crucial central concept is 'Shaping', which is defined as the method of successive approximation where a complex, novel, or desired behavior is gradually molded not by direct acquisition, but by providing reinforcement on small successive steps leading toward the target behavior. Regarding its psychological implications and scientific management of complex skill acquisition and behavior modification in classroom teaching, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid?
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Detailed Explanation
The correct answer is Option (b).
Key Concept: Shaping in Operant Conditioning
In B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning theory, Shaping is a technique that utilizes the method of successive approximation.
- When a learner cannot acquire a complex or novel behavior all at once, the instructor reinforces each small, correct step that moves closer to the final goal.
- This method is extremely effective in classroom teaching and special education (such as teaching children with autism or intellectual disabilities) where complex skills are broken down into smaller sub-steps to scientifically mold student behavior.
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