Thorndike: Trial and Error
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In Thorndike's theory of learning, the 'law of readiness' is related to which of the following?
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Detailed Explanation
One of Thorndike's primary laws of learning, the 'Law of Readiness', is directly related to the mental preparation or motivation of the learner.
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Under Edward Thorndike's 'Connectionism or Trial and Error Theory', a central…
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Under Edward Thorndike's Theory of Connectionism and Trial and Error, a central concept is the 'Law of Effect', which states that a response followed by a satisfying state of affairs strengthens the neural bond between the stimulus and the response, whereas an annoying state weakens it. Regarding its psychological implications and scientific management of reinforcement, satisfactory experiences, and motivation in classroom teaching, which of the following statements is most authentic and scientifically valid?
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In Thorndike's theory of learning, the 'Law of Readiness' is primarily related to which of the following?
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Under the psychology of learning, while closely analyzing Edward Thorndike's 'Primary Laws of Learning' and B.F. Skinner's concept of reinforcement in 'Operant Conditioning', which specific law of Thorndike served as the direct conceptual extension and experimental refinement that later formed the basis of Skinner's 'Schedules of Reinforcement' and response-reaction dynamics?
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Under Edward Thorndike's Theory of Connectionism (Trial and Error Theory), a central concept is the 'Law of Effect'. Defined as the psychological principle where responses followed by satisfaction, pleasant outcomes, or reinforcement strengthen the stimulus-response (S-R) bond, while responses resulting in annoyance or punishment weaken it, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding its real pedagogical implications for students' satisfactory learning, constructive feedback, and intrinsic motivation in classroom teaching?
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Consider the following statements regarding Thorndike's Connectionism Theory of learning and its application in education:
1. Edward L. Thorndike propounded this theory based on experiments with hungry cats, published in 'Animal Intelligence' (1898), which is known as the 'Trial and Error Theory'.
2. Thorndike's primary laws include the 'Law of Readiness', 'Law of Exercise', and 'Law of Effect', where the 'Law of Effect' is based on reward and punishment (satisfaction and annoyance).
3. The Law of Exercise is further divided into two sub-parts: the 'Law of Use' and the 'Law of Disuse', stating that repetition strengthens a bond while disuse weakens it.
4. Thorndike's theory places excessive emphasis on 'Insight' and understanding, according to which learning is a sudden mental process rather than a gradual or mechanical bond formation.
Which of the above statements are correct?
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Under learning psychology, upon conducting a micro-analytical study of the 'Primary Laws of Learning' proposed by Edward Thorndike — Law of Readiness, Law of Exercise, and Law of Effect — if a teacher immediately praises and rewards a student for giving a correct answer in class, which motivates the student to repeat that response again and again in the future, which law of Thorndike is most active in this situation and what is its main psychological basis?
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