Thorndike: Trial and Error
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Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the real psychological implications and scientific management of student strengthening, habit formation, and positive reinforcement in classroom teaching, with respect to the 'Law of Effect'—a central concept propounded under Edward Thorndike's Trial and Error Theory, defined as a psychological rule under which if a satisfying, pleasant, or positive result (reward/satisfaction) is obtained after an action or response, the bond between that stimulus and response (S-R Bond) becomes stronger, and if an unsatisfactory or painful result (punishment/annoyance) is received, that bond becomes weaker?
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Detailed Explanation
The 'Law of Effect', one of Edward Thorndike's primary laws of learning, clarifies that actions with satisfying or pleasant outcomes are imprinted more firmly in the organism's mind and strengthen the Stimulus-Response Bond. In classroom teaching, the direct implication of this psychological principle is that timely appreciation and positive reinforcement of students' correct answers, good efforts, and desired behaviors by the teacher accelerate their learning pace and reinforce positive habits. Conversely, unsatisfactory outcomes or failure weaken that bond.
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