Emotional Development
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In the context of 'Inclusive Education' and the 'Identification of Exceptional Children', which term was first coined in 1963 by the American psychologist Samuel Kirk to refer to children who differ intellectually, physically, emotionally, or socially from normal children to such a degree that they require special educational provisions and support services to fully develop their unique abilities and potentials?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding Exceptional Children in Inclusive Education
In the context of Child Development and Pedagogy, the term 'Exceptional Children' was first coined and broadly defined by the renowned psychologist Samuel Kirk in 1963.
- Samuel Kirk's Definition: Kirk defined exceptional children as those who deviate from the average or normal children in physical, mental, emotional, or social characteristics to such an extent that they require specialized educational services and modifications to reach their full potential.
- Scope: This comprehensive category includes both children with disabilities (such as intellectual disabilities, physical impairments) and gifted children.
- Note on Learning Disability: Although Samuel Kirk also coined the specific term 'Learning Disability' in 1963, the broader overarching definition described in the question corresponds directly to 'Exceptional Children'.
Therefore, Option (b) is the correct answer.
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