Factors Affecting Development
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Consider the following statements regarding various glands of the human body and the hormones or enzymes secreted by them:
- 1. The pancreas is a heterocrine gland, whose endocrine part, the 'Islets of Langerhans', is made up of alpha, beta, and delta cells, where insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin hormones are secreted.
- 2. The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland', located in the sella turcica cavity of the sphenoid bone of the skull, and its posterior part (neurohypophysis) synthesizes and secretes oxytocin and vasopressin (ADH) hormones.
- 3. The primary function of the calcitonin hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is to lower calcium levels in the blood, while parathormone (PTH) secreted by the parathyroid gland increases the amount of calcium in the blood.
- 4. 'Catecholamines' (epinephrine and norepinephrine) hormones are secreted from the cortex part of the adrenal gland, which control the body's response in emergency situations (fight or flight).
Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Among the given statements, statements 1, 2 and 3 are completely true, while statement 4 is false because epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine hormones are secreted from the medulla part of the adrenal gland, which are called emergency hormones, whereas its cortex part secretes glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.
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