Education Commissions, Committees & Policies
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With reference to the development of modern education in India and the related historical acts and commissions, consider the following statements:
- 1. The 'Wood's Despatch' of 1854, often called the 'Magna Carta of English Education in India', recommended the establishment of universities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras on the model of the University of London, and placed special emphasis on women's education and vocational training.
- 2. The main objective of the 'Hunter Education Commission' formed in 1882 was to review the progress of primary education, and it recommended handing over the responsibility of control and financing of primary education to local bodies (Municipalities and District Boards).
- 3. The 'Indian Universities Act' of 1904 was passed during the tenure of Lord Curzon, with the objective of increasing the number of Senate members in universities and giving them a democratic character to ensure greater autonomy in higher education.
- 4. The 'Sergeant Plan' of 1944, also known as the 'Post-War Educational Development Plan', aimed to provide free and compulsory primary education for children aged 6 to 14 years and to achieve a level of literacy in the country comparable to that of Britain within 40 years.
Which of the statements given above are completely correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
Explanation
To determine the correct statements regarding the history of modern education in India, let's analyze each option:
- Statement 1 is correct: Wood's Despatch (1854) is termed the Magna Carta of Indian education. It recommended establishing universities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras (founded in 1857) and promoted female and vocational education.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Hunter Commission (1882) focused primarily on reviewing the growth of primary education and recommended transferring its control and financing to local municipal and district boards.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: The Indian Universities Act of 1904, enacted under Lord Curzon, actually aimed to reduce university autonomy, tighten government control, and downsize the Senate rather than democratize it.
- Statement 4 is correct: The Sergeant Plan (1944) proposed free, universal compulsory education for children aged 6–14 and aimed to overhaul Indian education to match British literacy standards over forty years.
Therefore, statements 1, 2, and 4 are completely correct, making Option A the right choice.
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Consider the following statements regarding the development of modern education in India and colonial educational policies: 1. Wood's Despatch of 1854 is called the Magna Carta of Indian education, under which the establishment of universities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras was recommended on the model of the University of London and special emphasis was laid on women's education. 2. The main objective of the 'Indian Universities Act, 1904' passed during the tenure of Lord Curzon was to tighten government control over universities and establish a majority of government-nominated members by reducing the number of senate members. 3. The 'Calcutta University Commission' (Sadler University Commission) constituted in 1917-19 recommended separating intermediate classes from universities after reforming secondary education and making school education 12 years. 4. The Wardha Scheme of Basic Education (1937), prepared by the Zakir Hussain Committee, had the main objective of providing higher education through the English medium and making industrial technical training compulsory. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
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With reference to the development of education in ancient and modern India, major commissions, and its institutional systems, consider the following statements: 1. Wood's Despatch (1854), termed the 'Magna Carta of Indian Education', recommended the establishment of universities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras on the model of the University of London and emphasized the progressive development of education from primary to university level. 2. The Hunter Education Commission appointed in 1882 primarily reviewed the progress of primary and secondary education and recommended handing over the control and management of primary education to local bodies (District and Municipal Boards). 3. The 'Raleigh Commission' constituted under the chairmanship of Thomas Raleigh in 1902 during the tenure of Lord Curzon led to the passing of the 'Indian Universities Act, 1904', aimed at tightening government control over universities and reducing the number of senate members. 4. The 'Sergeant Plan' of 1944, called the central plan for post-war educational development, set the goal of providing free and compulsory primary education for all children aged 6 to 11 years in India, envisioned to be implemented within 40 years. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
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Who was the chairman of the Indian Education Commission formed by the British Government in 1882?
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With reference to the development of modern education and historical acts in India, consider the following statements:
1. Wood's Despatch (1854), often called the 'Magna Carta of English Education in India', recognized the government's duty for mass education, emphasized women's education and vocational training, and laid the foundation for establishing universities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras.
2. Lord Macaulay's Minute (1835) strongly advocated for the English education system, aiming through the 'Downward Filtration Theory' to educate the upper strata of society to create individuals 'Indian in blood and colour, but English in tastes, in opinions, in morals, and in intellect'.
3. The Hunter Education Commission (1882) was appointed to review the progress of primary and secondary education, and recommended handing over the control of primary education to newly formed district and municipal boards.
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