Thorndike: Trial and Error
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Under Edward Thorndike's Connectionism or Trial and Error Theory, a central concept is the 'Law of Effect', which states that responses followed by a satisfying or pleasant state of affairs are strengthened, whereas those followed by an annoying or unpleasant state are weakened. Regarding its psychological implications and scientific application in classroom teaching for student motivation management, reinforcement, and creating a satisfying learning environment, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid?
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Explanation
Edward Thorndike's Law of Effect under the Trial and Error Theory clearly explains that learning is directly influenced by whether the consequences are satisfying or unsatisfying.
- When teachers appreciate students' correct answers or efforts in the classroom or provide satisfying reinforcement, students derive satisfaction from that experience.
- This psychological satisfaction makes their learning more permanent and effective.
- Therefore, option (b) is the correct and most scientifically valid statement regarding classroom learning.
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