Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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An important theoretical difference between Thorndike's Trial and Error Theory and Skinner's Operant Conditioning is that Thorndike's theory is based on 'S-R Theory' (Stimulus-Response), whereas Skinner's theory focuses on 'R-S Theory' (Response-Stimulus). In this context, which of the following statements is most accurate regarding Skinner's theory?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding Operant Conditioning
B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning emphasizes that an organism actively interacts with its environment and emits voluntary responses known as operants. The reinforcement resulting from these responses increases the likelihood of future recurrences of that behavior.
- R-S Paradigm: The response occurs first, followed by the reinforcing stimulus.
- Comparison: Unlike S-R theories (Thorndike and Pavlov) where a stimulus elicits a response, Skinner's model prioritizes the organism's active emission of behavior followed by environmental consequences.
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