Maslow, Rogers & Humanism
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In the context of 'Theories of Motivation', regarding Abraham Maslow's 'Hierarchy of Needs Theory' and the scientific nature and hierarchical progression of 'Deficiency Needs (D-needs)' and 'Growth Needs (B-needs)', which of the following statements is most appropriate and true?
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Detailed Explanation
According to Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, the lower four levels (physiological, safety, belongingness, and esteem) are termed Deficiency Needs (D-needs) because they arise due to a deprivation in the body or mind, and their fulfillment reduces tension.
Key Concepts:
- Deficiency Needs (D-needs): Motivated by a sense of deprivation (e.g., hunger, lack of safety). Their satisfaction brings homeostasis and reduces tension.
- Growth Needs (B-needs): Located at the top of the hierarchy ('Self-Actualization'), these are not driven by deficits but by the desire for personal growth, realizing potential, and enriching life experiences.
Therefore, option C provides the most scientifically accurate distinction between D-needs and B-needs.
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