Intelligence: Concept & Theories
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According to Charles Spearman's Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the concepts of the 'general factor' (g-factor) and the 'specific factor' (s-factor)?
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Detailed Explanation
Charles Spearman proposed the Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence in 1904. According to him, human intelligence depends on two factors: the first is the 'General Factor' (g-factor) and the second is the 'Specific Factor' (s-factor).
Key Concepts:
- g-Factor: Considered an innate, universal mental energy that is invariably involved in every intellectual activity.
- s-Factor: Related to various specific skills (such as mathematical, musical, or mechanical) which an individual acquires from their environment and training.
Therefore, option (a) presents the most accurate and scientifically valid description.
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