Intelligence: Concept & Theories
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Which of the following statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding the concepts of 'general intelligence' (g-factor) and 'specific intelligence' (s-factor) proposed under Charles Spearman's 'Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence'?
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Detailed Explanation
Detailed Explanation
Charles Spearman (1904) proposed in his Two-Factor Theory that human intellectual ability is composed of two factors: the General factor (g-factor) and the Specific factor (s-factor).
- g-Factor (General Intelligence): It is considered an innate, universal mental energy that is invariably present in varying degrees across all intellectual and cognitive activities.
- s-Factor (Specific Intelligence): These are highly specific abilities (such as musical aptitude, mathematical proficiency, or painting) that are acquired and developed through environment, training, practice, and experience.
Therefore, option (a) provides the most accurate and scientifically valid explanation of Spearman's theory.
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