Thorndike: Trial and Error
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Under Edward Thorndike's Connectionism / Trial and Error Theory, three primary laws were formulated: (1) Law of Readiness, (2) Law of Exercise, and (3) Law of Effect. Regarding their actual psychological implications, the consolidation of student responses in classroom teaching, the strengthening of learning through satisfactory outcomes, and the scientific management of the reduction of futile errors, which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid?
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Detailed Explanation
Detailed Explanation
Edward Thorndike's Connectionism theory is based on the formation of bonds between a stimulus and a response (Stimulus-Response or S-R Bond). His three primary laws—the Law of Readiness, the Law of Exercise (which includes use and disuse), and the Law of Effect—form the scientific foundation of the learning process.
- Law of Readiness: Reflects the mental and physical preparedness to learn.
- Law of Exercise: Strengthens the neural pathway through repetition and practice.
- Law of Effect: Explains that actions yielding satisfactory outcomes (pleasant experiences) strengthen the S-R bond.
Therefore, Option (a) is the most authentic and scientifically valid statement.
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