Thorndike: Trial and Error
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According to Edward Thorndike's 'Trial and Error Theory of Learning', the 'Law of Readiness' states that when a conduction unit is ready to conduct and is allowed to do so, it is satisfying for the learner, whereas obstruction leads to annoyance. Which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding its classroom implications for students' motivation, mental set, and learning effectiveness?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding Thorndike's Law of Readiness
According to Edward Thorndike's primary laws of learning, the Law of Readiness highlights the physiological and psychological preparedness of an individual to learn.
- Mental and Physical Preparation: When a learner is ready to act, the action brings satisfaction, making the learning permanent.
- Obstruction and Frustration: If the pathway is blocked or forced without preparation, it leads to annoyance and dissatisfaction.
- Classroom Implications: Teachers must activate prior knowledge and build a 'mental set' before introducing new concepts to enhance intrinsic motivation.
Therefore, Option (b) provides the most scientific and accurate analysis of this pedagogical concept.
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