In the context of 'Social Studies' and 'Indian Constitution and Polity', regarding the 'Directive Principles of State Policy' (DPSP) enshrined under Articles 36 to 51 of the Indian Constitution, their inspiration from the Irish Constitution, their declaration as 'fundamental' in the governance of the country despite not being 'justiciable', and the socialist, Gandhian, and liberal-intellectual principles falling under them (such as Article 40 - organization of village panchayats, Article 44 - Uniform Civil Code, and Article 48A - protection and improvement of environment), which of the following statements is most appropriate and true?

Detailed Explanation

The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), enshrined in Part IV (Articles 36-51) of the Indian Constitution, have been borrowed from the Constitution of Ireland.

• Article 37 explicitly states that these principles are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws, but they are not 'justiciable' (i.e., cannot be enforced by any court).
• Statement (a) is incorrect because Part III contains Fundamental Rights which are justiciable, whereas Part IV contains DPSPs which are non-justiciable.
• Statement (c) is incorrect because Article 40 pertains to the organization of village panchayats, which is rooted in Gandhian philosophy.
• Statement (d) is incorrect because the Uniform Civil Code mentioned in Article 44 is part of the DPSP and is therefore non-justiciable.

Therefore, Option (b) is the most appropriate and correct statement.